Effect of 450 MHz Microwave Modulated with 217 Hz on Human EEG in Rest

Summary This study focuses on discrimination of changes, produced by low-level microwave exposure in intensity and time variability of the human EEG at rest. The power spectral density (PSD) method and nonlinear scaling analysis of the length distribution of low variability periods (LDLVP) were selected for analysis of the EEG signal. During the study, 19 healthy volunteers were exposed to a microwave (450 MHz) of 217 Hz frequency on-off modulation. The field power density at the scalp was 0.16 mW/cm². The experimental protocol consisted of ten cycles of repetitive microwave exposure. Signals from frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital EEG channels on EEG theta, alpha and beta rhythms were analysed. Exposure to microwave causes average increase of EEG activity. LDLVP analysis discriminated significant effect in time variability for 2 subjects (11%). PSD method detected significant changes in intensity for 4 subjects (21%). The effect of low-level microwave exposure is stronger on EEG beta rhythm in temporal and parietal regions of the human brain.     

磷酸微波活化多孔生物质炭对亚甲基蓝的吸附特性

以甘蔗渣为原料，采用微波辅助H3PO4活化法制备富含含氧酸官能团的中孔生物质炭。通过扫描电子显微镜SEM、傅立叶变换红外光谱FT-IR等技术对生物质炭物理化学性质进行表征，并通过静态实验法，探讨炭样对亚甲基蓝的吸附行为及热力学性质。结果表明，H3PO4活化制备蔗渣生物质炭的适宜条件为浸渍比1：1，烘干时间10h，活化功率900W，活化时间22min，在此条件下制得的生物质炭得率为39．2％，碘值为817mg／g，亚甲基蓝值为229mg／g，为国家一级品标准的1．7倍。红外光谱分析表明，炭样表面以羟基、羰基、羧基等酸性官能团为主。静态吸附实验表明，Freundlich方程与Redlich—Peterson方程能较好地描述等温吸附行为，表现为优惠吸附。热力学研究表明，吸附吉布斯自由能（△G0）〈0，说明吸附反应是自发过程，而吸附标准焓变（△H0）〉70KJ／mol，表明亚甲基蓝在制备炭样上的吸附是吸热反应，升温有利于吸附，且化学反应在吸附过程中发挥了重要作用。     

微波活化过硫酸钾深度处理印染废水

为了深度处理印染废水生化出水,使其达到工业回用要求,利用微波活化过硫酸钾产生具有强氧化性的硫酸根自由基·SO-4,降解印染废水生化出水中的有机污染物。考察了硫酸亚铁的投加量,过硫酸钾的浓度及pH的影响,并通过对比实验讨论了微波活化作用效果。结果表明,过硫酸钾微波组合能够有效地去除生化出水中的TOC和色度。对于某印染废水生化出水,处理效果在pH=10时最好,当过硫酸钾浓度为14 g/L时,TOC去除率达57.60%,脱色率为98.28%。研究结果表明,过硫酸钾微波组合对于印染废水的深度处理效果良好,有较好的应用前景。     

改性氧化铝微波诱导催化氧化处理高浓度苯酚废水的研究

采用微波诱导催化氧化技术，以改性氧化铝为催化剂，对高浓度模拟苯酚废水进行氧化处理。考察了微波功率、催化剂投加量、H202投加量、废水pH值和微波反应时间等因素对苯酚去除效果的影响。实验结果表明，处理30mL质量浓度为1 100mg/L的苯酚模拟废水，在微波功率500W，催化剂加入量1 g(液固比30∶1)，30％双氧水...     

飞行器环境适应性设计方法研究与实践

目的针对飞行器环境适应性设计不足的现状提出对策。方法分析飞行器环境适应性设计的特点和当前存在的不足,以某电气设备为对象开展应用研究。结果提出环境适应性设计工作内容、工作流程、设计原则和技术手段等方面的对策。环境适应性设计应采用环境仿真和验证试验相结合的手段,并逐步形成环境适应性设计准则。结论飞行器环境适应性设计应采用系统工程的思路,覆盖产品层级、环境因素和研制阶段。技术手段方面应大力推进环境仿真研究和应用,建立产品环境适应性设计规范。     

不同流态下微波辐射对污水污泥性质的影响研究

通过对不同流态下微波辐射对污水污泥性质的影响进行研究,考察了不同流态下微波辐射作用处理后污泥沉降性能、脱水性能的变化,以及微波辐射作用下流态对污泥挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)溶解率、上清液中COD和污泥微观形态的影响.结果表明,流态对污泥的沉降性能和脱水性能有一定影响,微波辐射功率越高,流态对污泥沉降性能和脱水性能的影响越显著.微波辐射功率较低时,雷诺数Re越大,污泥的沉降比(SV)、比阻和泥饼含水率越小;微波辐射功率较高时,Re为2300的临界流态下污泥的沉降性能和脱水性能最好.随着Re的增大,VSS溶解率和上清液中COD升高,微波辐射功率分别为300、500、700和900W时,Re为3000的紊流流态下上清液中COD分别达到1.1、2.1、3.6和6.7g·L-1.SEM观察结果表明,微波辐射及流态产生的协同剪切应时适宜时,有利于污泥颗粒的絮凝反应,高强度的微波辐射和紊流产生的较大剪切应力导致污泥絮体被打碎.     

微波辐射对污水处理厂动态流活性污泥性能的影响研究

通过微波辐射对污水处理厂动态流活性污泥性能进行实验研究,考察了微波辐射3min内污泥沉降性能、脱水性能的变化,探讨了微波辐射对污泥挥发性悬浮固体(VSS)溶解率、上清液中COD和污泥微观形态的影响.结果表明,低强度的微波辐射对活性污泥相关性质的影响不显著,没有从根本上改善活性污泥的结构.适宜的微波辐射能显著改善活性污泥的沉降性能和脱水性能,500、700和900W微波辐射的适宜辐射时间分别为180、150和60s,此时,活性污泥的比阻为0.3×109S2·g-1左右,较原活性污泥减小了88%,泥饼含水率由原活性污泥直接抽滤的85.2%降低到70.0%.VSS溶解率和上清液COD都随着辐射功率及辐射时间的增加而升高.适宜的微波辐射能促进污泥的团聚絮凝,过度的辐射会破坏活性污泥结构,使活性污泥颗粒细小化,混合液黏度增大,导致脱水性能变差.通过动态流动下微波辐射对活性污泥性能影响的研究,可为微波辐射在活性污泥处理的实际应用提供理论依据.     

二氧化钛复合型催化剂制备及其微波辅助催化氧化甲苯性能

实验采用溶胶凝胶法和传统浸渍法制备了TiO2-分子筛复合载体及复合载体负载过渡金属与稀土元素催化剂,通过微波辅助催化氧化甲苯的性能实验考察其催化活性.结果表明,复合TiO2明显提高了载体结构的稳定性与耐温性,并使过渡金属铜(Cu)、锰(Mn)和稀土元素铈(Ce)等活性组分在催化剂表面的分散更均匀;在复合载体吸附、吸波性能与多相活性组分催化的共同作用下,Cu-Mn-Ce/TiO2-分子筛催化剂微波辅助催化氧化甲苯的完全燃烧温度仅为175℃,此时甲苯去除率可达99％;15 h的连续性实验表明,TiO2复合型催化剂具有良好的催化活性与稳定性.由催化剂表征分析结果可知,活性组分颗粒的均匀分布与铜、锰氧化物及铜锰尖晶石固溶物等活性相的存在促进了甲苯的催化氧化,锐钛矿型TiO2较高的电子迁移速率与催化剂孔径的增大均有助于甲苯的氧化降解.     

Pb(II) removal from water using Fe-coated bamboo charcoal with the assistance of microwaves

Bamboo charcoal(BC) was used as starting material to prepare iron-modified bamboo charcoal(Fe-MBC) by its impregnation in FeCl 3 and HNO 3 solutions simultaneously,followed by microwave heating.The material can be used as an adsorbent for Pb(Ⅱ) contaminants removal in water.The composites were prepared with Fe molar concentration of 0.5,1.0 and 2.0 mol/L and characterized by means of N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherms,X-ray diffraction spectroscopy(XRD),scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry(SEM-EDS),Fourier transform infrared(FT-IR) and point of zero charge(pH pzc) measurements.Nitrogen adsorption analyses showed that the BET specific surface area and total pore volume increased with iron impregnation.The adsorbent with Fe molar concentration of 2 mol/L(2Fe-MBC) exhibited the highest surface area and produced the best pore structure.The Pb(Ⅱ) adsorption process of 2Fe-MBC and BC were evaluated in batch experiments and 2Fe-MBC showed an excellent adsorption capability for removal Pb(Ⅱ).The adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) strongly depended on solution pH,with maximum values at pH 5.0.The ionic strength had a significant effect on the adsorption at pH < 6.0.The adsorption isotherms followed the Langmuir isotherm model well,and the maximum adsorption capacity for Pb(Ⅱ) was 200.38 mg/g for 2Fe-MBC.The adsorption processes were well fitted by a pseudo second-order kinetic model.Thermodynamic parameters showed that the adsorption of Pb(Ⅱ) onto Fe-MBC was feasible,spontaneous,and exothermic under the studied conditions,and the ion exchange mechanism played an significant role.These results have important implications for the design of low-cost and effective adsorbents in the removal of Pb(Ⅱ) from wastewater.